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Developer(s) | Oracle Corporation |
---|---|
Stable release | |
Operating system | Windows NT, macOS, Linux, Solaris |
Platform | IA-32, x64, ARM, SPARC |
Type | Software development kit |
License | Sun License (most of it also under GPL) |
Website | www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/ |
The Java Development Kit (JDK) is an implementation of either one of the Java Platform, Standard Edition, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, or Java Platform, Micro Edition platforms[1] released by Oracle Corporation in the form of a binary product aimed at Java developers on Solaris, Linux, macOS or Windows. The JDK includes a private JVM and a few other resources to finish the development of a Java Application.[2] Since the introduction of the Java platform, it has been by far the most widely used Software Development Kit (SDK).[citation needed] On 17 November 2006, Sun announced that they would release it under the GNU General Public License (GPL), thus making it free software. This happened in large part on 8 May 2007, when Sun contributed the source code to the OpenJDK.[3]
JDK contents[edit]
The JDK has as its primary components a collection of programming tools, including:
- appletviewer – this tool can be used to run and debug Java applets without a web browser
- apt – the annotation-processing tool[4]
- extcheck – a utility that detects JAR file conflicts
- idlj – the IDL-to-Java compiler. This utility generates Java bindings from a given Java IDL file.
- jabswitch – the Java Access Bridge. Exposes assistive technologies on Microsoft Windows systems.
- java – the loader for Java applications. This tool is an interpreter and can interpret the class files generated by the javac compiler. Now a single launcher is used for both development and deployment. The old deployment launcher, jre, no longer comes with Sun JDK, and instead it has been replaced by this new java loader.
- javac – the Java compiler, which converts source code into Java bytecode
- javadoc – the documentation generator, which automatically generates documentation from source code comments
- jar – the archiver, which packages related class libraries into a single JAR file. This tool also helps manage JAR files.
- javafxpackager – tool to package and sign JavaFX applications
- jarsigner – the jar signing and verification tool
- javah – the C header and stub generator, used to write native methods
- javap – the class file disassembler
- javaws – the Java Web Start launcher for JNLP applications
- JConsole – Java Monitoring and Management Console
- jdb – the debugger
- jhat – Java Heap Analysis Tool (experimental)
- jinfo – This utility gets configuration information from a running Java process or crash dump. (experimental)
- jmap Oracle jmap - Memory Map– This utility outputs the memory map for Java and can print shared object memory maps or heap memory details of a given process or core dump. (experimental)
- jmc – Java Mission Control
- jps – Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool lists the instrumented HotSpot Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) on the target system. (experimental)
- jrunscript – Java command-line scriptshell.
- jshell - The new jshell introduced in java 9.
- jstack – utility that prints Java stack traces of Java threads (experimental)
- jstat – Java Virtual Machine statistics monitoring tool (experimental)
- jstatd – jstat daemon (experimental)
- keytool – tool for manipulating the keystore
- pack200 – JAR compression tool
- policytool – the policy creation and management tool, which can determine policy for a Java runtime, specifying which permissions are available for code from various sources.
- VisualVM – visual tool integrating several command-line JDK tools and lightweight[clarification needed] performance and memory profiling capabilities
- wsimport – generates portable JAX-WS artifacts for invoking a web service.
- xjc – Part of the Java API for XML Binding (JAXB) API. It accepts an XML schema and generates Java classes.
Do not attempt to uninstall Java by removing the Java tools from /usr/bin. This directory is part of the system software and any changes will be reset by Apple the next time you perform an update of the OS. Java Development Kit for Mac is a cross-platform SDK platform to provide specific implementation of Java SE, Java EE and Java ME platforms. Key contents include: Additional Libraries (In the lib/ subdirectory) Additional class libraries and support files required by the development tools.
Experimental tools may not be available in future versions of the JDK.
The JDK also comes with a complete Java Runtime Environment, usually called a private runtime, due to the fact that it is separated from the 'regular' JRE and has extra contents. It consists of a Java Virtual Machine and all of the class libraries present in the production environment, as well as additional libraries only useful to developers, such as the internationalization libraries and the IDL libraries.
Copies of the JDK also include a wide selection of example programs demonstrating the use of almost all portions of the Java API.
Ambiguity between a JDK and an SDK[edit]
The JDK forms an extended subset of a software development kit (SDK). It includes 'tools for developing, debugging, and monitoring Java applications'.[5] Oracle strongly suggests to now use the term JDK to refer to the Java SE Development Kit. The Java SE SDK is available with or without the JDK, by which they specifically mean the Java SE 7 JDK.[6]
Other JDKs[edit]
In addition to the most widely used JDK discussed in this article, there are other JDKs commonly available for a variety of platforms, some of which started from the Sun JDK source and some that did not. All adhere to the basic Java specifications, but often differ in explicitly unspecified areas, such as garbage collection, compilation strategies, and optimization techniques. They include:
In development or in maintenance mode:
- Azul Systems Zing, low latency JDK for Linux;[7]
- Azul Systems / OpenJDK-based Zulu for Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, embedded and the cloud;[8]
- OpenJDK / IcedTea;
- AicasJamaicaVM;
- IBM J9 JDK, for AIX, Linux, Windows, MVS, OS/400, Pocket PC, z/OS;[9]
Not being maintained or discontinued: Best data tool for mac.
- Apple's Mac OS Runtime for Java JVM/JDK for Classic Mac OS[10]
- Blackdown Java – Port of Sun's JDK for Linux[11][12]
- GNU's Classpath and GCJ (The GNU Compiler for Java);
- Oracle Corporation's JRockit JDK, for Windows, Linux, and Solaris;[13]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Java SE 7 Features and Enhancements'. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^'OpenJDK homepage'. Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^'Sun's May 8th announcement of source code for JDK'.
- ^'JDK 5.0 Java Annotation Processing Tool (APT)-related APIs & Developer Guides -- from Sun Microsystems'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Java SE Downloads'. Oracle. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^'Java EE 7 SDK distributions require JDK 7''Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 7 SDK - Installation Instructions'. Installing the Software. Oracle. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^'Azul Zing product page'.
- ^'Azul Zulu download page'.
- ^'developerWorks : IBM developer kits : Downloads'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Support at Apple'. Archived from the original on 13 December 2007.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^'Java Linux Contact Information'. Archived from the original on 7 August 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Java-Linux Latest Information'. Archived from the original on 19 October 1996. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'JRockit Family Download page'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
External links[edit]
- GNU Classpath – a Free software JDK alternative[citation needed]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Java_Development_Kit&oldid=908503545'
Active8 months ago
I want to install a specific JDK (the latest for example). For this, I went to the JDK download homepage: http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp.I looked for a Mac version, but I'm a bit surprised to only see downloadable versions for Linux, Windows and Solaris..
Here's the message for Mac:
'Apple Computer supplies their own version of Java. Use the Software Update feature (available on the Apple menu) to check that you have the most up-to-date version of Java for your Mac.'
OK BUT.. when I update Java with Mac I have a JRE and not a JDK..
I don't understand why a JDK version doesn't exist that is easily downloadable/installable (like a jar to unzip?) for Mac..
Peter Mortensen14.4k1919 gold badges8888 silver badges117117 bronze badges
ajeansonajeanson1,30044 gold badges1313 silver badges1717 bronze badges
16 Answers
In a comment under @Thilo's answer, @mobibob asked how to set JAVA_HOME in your .bash_profile on a Mac. Answer:
This will dynamically assign to JAVA_HOME the location of the first JDK listed in the 'General' tab of 'Java Preferences' utility.
See Apple Technical Q&A 1170: https://developer.apple.com/library/content/qa/qa1170/_index.html
EDIT:
If you prefer parentheses to backticks for command substitution, this also works: Video editing tool for mac.
Cœur22.1k1010 gold badges127127 silver badges180180 bronze badges
Mark TyeMark Tye
As the message says, you have to go to Apple, not Sun, for Java on the Mac. As far as I know, Apple JDK 6 is installed by default on Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard). Maybe you need to install the developer tools from your Mac OS X installation DVD (the dev tools are an optional install from the OS DVD).
Jdk Mac Location
See: http://developer.apple.com/java/
NOTE This answer from 16 Oct 2009 is now outdated; you can get the JDK for Mac OS X from the regular JDK download page on Oracle's website now.
JesperJesper161k3838 gold badges267267 silver badges305305 bronze badges
For people using any LION OS X 10.7.X
They uploaded Java SE 6 version 1.6.0_26 available here
Roy CalderonRoy Calderon5,38633 gold badges1818 silver badges1919 bronze badges
I bought a MacBook Pro yesterday (Mac OS X v10.8 (Mountain Lion)) and there is no JDK installed by default..
As well as javac, I also found it didn't have packages such as SVN installed. It turns out you can get everything from the Apple developer page (you will need to register with your AppleID). SVN is part of the 'Command Line Tools' package.
This is what happens on a fresh MacBook:
Hopefully this will help out other newbies like me ;)
Peter Mortensen14.4k1919 gold badges8888 silver badges117117 bronze badges
matt burnsmatt burns18.4k55 gold badges8181 silver badges9595 bronze badges
Mac comes with the JDK, for more information check:
pedromarcepedromarce4,93111 gold badge2020 silver badges2626 bronze badges
The explanation is that JDK is a bit specific and does not contain the library tools.jar. For my development, I need this library and Mac's JDK doesn't provide it:
(Cf. http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/Java/Conceptual/Java14Development/02-JavaDevTools/JavaDevTools.html)
tools.jar does not exist. Classes usually located here are instead included in classes.jar. Scripts that rely on the existence of tools.jar need to be rewritten accordingly.
It sucks!
Peter Mortensen14.4k1919 gold badges8888 silver badges117117 bronze badges
ajeansonajeanson1,30044 gold badges1313 silver badges1717 bronze badges
The easiest way is to use Homebrew. Install Homebrew and then:
You can list all available versions using the following command:
solomkinmvsolomkinmvbrew cask search java
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Compiling with -source 1.5 -target 1.5 (in a JDK 6 environment) will honor only language elements that were in 1.5 and prior. Great. But there were no language changes in 6 anyway. Problem with this approach (on Mac with 1.6) is that using classes that came AFTER 1.5 will still compile because they exist in the rt.jar. So one could run in a 1.5 env and get a class not found exception with no prior warning when compiling. I found this out the hard way with javax.swing.event.RowSorterEvent/Listener. Both entered 'Since 1.6' but are not caught with -source 1.5
EvanEvan
If you installed brew, cmd below will be helpful:
brew cask install java
PonderousPonderous
As of Mac OS X v10.6 (Snow Leopard), you can run Java 6 in 32-bit mode on either 32-bit or 64-bit Intel processor equipped Macs.
If you cannot upgrade to Snow Leopard, Soy Latte is a pre-compiled version of Java 6 for Intel 32-bit.
Peter Mortensen14.4k1919 gold badges8888 silver badges117117 bronze badges
Brian M. CarrBrian M. Carr
There are various tricky issues with having multiple versions of Java (Apple's own Java 6 and Oracle JDK 7 or even 8) on one's Mac OS X system, and using different versions for different applications. I spent some time writing up my experience of my experience of installing and configuring various versions of JDK on Mac OS X 10.9.2.
Mac Jdk 8
Meng LuMeng Lu4,44277 gold badges2828 silver badges3939 bronze badges
I think this other Stack Overflow question could help:
It basically says that if you need to compile or execute a Java application with an older version of the JDK (for example 1.4 or 1.5), you can do it using the 1.6 because it is backwards compatible. To do it so you will need to add the parameter
-source 1.5
and/or -target 1.5
in the javac options or in your IDE.![For For](/uploads/1/2/6/4/126405654/435176551.png)
Community♦
FgblanchFgblanch3,19988 gold badges3131 silver badges4949 bronze badges
JDK is the Java Development Kit (used to develop Java software).
JRE is the Java Runtime Environment (used to run any .jar file 'Java software').
The JDK contains a JRE inside it.
On Windows when you update Java, it updates the JRE automatically.
On Mac you do not have a JRE separated you have it, but inside the JDK, so when you update Java it will update your JRE which is inside your JDK;it doesn't install an JDK for you. You need to get it from somewhere else.
Peter Mortensen14.4k1919 gold badges8888 silver badges117117 bronze badges
user1477929
Check this awesome tool sdkman to manage your jdk and other jdk related tools with great ease!
e.g.
Rishikesh DarandaleRishikesh Darandale1,55211 gold badge99 silver badges2929 bronze badges
Since most answers are out of date, here's what works as of end of 2018 under the assumption that
- You want to install the GPL version of OpenJDK.[0]
- You do not want to install Homebrew
Java Jdk Download For Mac
In that case, grab the desired version from the Oracle GPLv2 OpenJDK site, or from AdoptOpenJDK (not tested by myself yet). In the below I am assuming version 11.0.1 for Mac. Then do in your favorite shell:
[0] Note that the Oracle branded JDK has significant licensing restrictions allowing you its use basically only for testing, i.e., not for production. If you do not have a support agreement with Oracle, then it seems risky to me to use their JDK, especially since the differences to OpenJDK are minimal.
Snipping Tool For Mac
LCCLCC
As a rule you cannot install other versions of Java on a Mac than those provided by Apple through Software Update. If you need Java 6 you must have a 64-bit Intel computer. You should always have Java 5 and 1.4 and perhaps 1.3 installed if you have at least OS X 10.4.
If you have VERY much elbow grease and is willing to work with beta software you can install the OpenJDK under OS X, but I don't think you want to go there.
Snippet Tool For Mac
Thorbjørn Ravn AndersenThorbjørn Ravn Andersen58.3k2525 gold badges154154 silver badges295295 bronze badges